In 1862, the Tokugawa shogunate started publishing the Kampan batabiya shinbun, a translated version of a commonly dispersed Dutch newspaper. These two papers ended up posted for foreigners, and contained only overseas news. Mussolini was a previous editor; his Fascist regime (1922–1943) took total Charge of the media in 1925. https://toplistar.com/story20268490/the-best-side-of-bulletins