The nonradiative changeover charges Adhere to the system WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), where p is the volume of phonons matching the Strength gap. The nonradiative changeover costs of Er3+ exhibit temperature dependence consistent with the multiphonon peace principle. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative peace premiums is challenging https://pault416egi6.sasugawiki.com/user